Scientific research in China is transforming from the introduction，absorption and follow－up stage to the original innovation and self－strength-ening stage．During this period，the difficulty of scientific research will rise sharply，and the scientific research system characterized by“manager－takes－all”and“title only”could not be competent with the new development era．We can achieve our goals by pursuing the scientific spirit，facing challen-ges honestly and overcoming stubborn problems．Based on the developing scientific spirit，craftsman spirit and the profound application of the Internet andAI，this paper discusses how to realize a vision－driven self－organizing scientific research system．Vision－driven science plays a role in the macro，me-so and micro levels of scientific and technological development．Vision guides the cultivation of“forest”(science community)and helps the free growth of“trees”(individual scientist)．Vison－driven science can help us deepen the science and technology system reform that guarantees both academic free-doms and adheres to the“four directions”to achieve Sci－tech self－reliance and self－strengthening at higher levels．Finally，this paper puts forward aplan based on the evaluation reform of scientific and technological talents．